Side-by-side · Research reference

5-Amino-1MQvsHumanin

Side-by-side comparison across mechanism, dosage, evidence, side effects, administration, and stack synergies. Citations on every claim where available.

AAnimal-StrongAUTO-DRAFTED8/38 cited

BAnimal-StrongHUMAN-REVIEWED14/52 cited

5-Amino-1MQ

NNMT inhibitor · Methylation / SAM modulation

100–200 mgDaily dose (oral)Neelakantan 2018

AnimalEvidence levelNeelakantan 2018

HoursHalf-life (est)

Oral · Once daily fasted

Humanin

Mitochondrial-Derived Peptide · Cytoprotective

24-AAPeptide lengthZhu 2022

mtDNAEncoded originZhu 2022 Shahzaib 2026

Bax/BimPrimary targetZhu 2022 Morris 2021

SQ · Experimental

01Mechanism of Action

Parameter

5-Amino-1MQ

Humanin

Primary target

Nicotinamide N-methyltransferase (NNMT)Neelakantan 2018

Intracellular: Bax, Bim, tBid (pro-apoptotic Bcl-2 family). Extracellular: FPRL1/2 G-protein-coupled receptorsZhu 2022 Lue 2021

Pathway

NNMT inhibition → preserved cellular SAM + NAD⁺ → restored methylation balance + ↑ thermogenic gene expressionNeelakantan 2018

Humanin binds Bax/Bim → inhibits mitochondrial outer membrane permeabilization (MOMP) → blocks cytochrome c release → prevents caspase activation → cell survival

Downstream effect

Reversal of HFD-induced obesity in murine models; improved metabolic profileNeelakantan 2018

Suppression of apoptosis, mitochondrial stabilization, reduced oxidative stress, preservation of germ cells and neurons under stressZhu 2022 Lue 2021 Velentza 2024

Feedback intact?

—

Not applicable — peptide acts as anti-apoptotic signal, not hormonal axis

Origin

Selective small-molecule inhibitor designed in academic medicinal chemistry programsNeelakantan 2018

Encoded by short open reading frame in mitochondrial 16S rRNA gene (MTRNR2). 24-28 amino acids. 13 homologous variants (MTRNR2L1-L13) identified.Zhu 2022 Shahzaib 2026

Antibody development

—

Not reported in animal models

02Dosage Protocols

Parameter

5-Amino-1MQ

Humanin

Standard dose

100–200 mg / day oralNeelakantan 2018

Anecdotal community range; murine doses scaled.

—

Frequency

Once daily, fasted

Daily (IP)

Lower / starter dose

50 mg / day

—

Evidence basis

Animal-strong; no human RCT dataNeelakantan 2018

Animal models (rat, mouse)Huang 2025 El 2022 Velentza 2024

Duration

8–12 weeks per cycle

8–12 weeks in animal studies

Form

Oral capsule

—

Timing

Morning fasted preferred

—

Half-life

Hours (estimated; no human PK published)

—

Standard experimental dose (HNG)

—

4 mg/kg IP (rat)

Most common dose in rodent models.

Ex vivo bone culture

—

1 µg/mL

Protective against venetoclax-induced bone growth retardation.

Human data

—

None — no clinical trials reported

Analog (HNG)

—

Gly[14]-humanin — more potent variant

Substitution at position 14 enhances cytoprotective activity.

03Metabolic / Fat Loss Evidence

Parameter

5-Amino-1MQ

Humanin

Direct fat loss evidence

—

None

Mechanism overlap

—

Mitochondrial health may indirectly influence metabolic efficiency, but no quantified effect

04Side Effects & Safety

Parameter

5-Amino-1MQ

Humanin

GI symptoms

Mild nausea (anecdotal)

—

Methylation disruption

Theoretical risk if NNMT is over-inhibited (B vitamin metabolism)

—

Long-term safety

Unknown — no human trials

—

Cancer risk

Unclear — NNMT also studied in oncology contexts

—

Pregnancy / OB

Avoid

—

Drug interactions

Theoretical with niacin / B-vitamin supplements

—

Animal model safety

—

Well-tolerated in rat and mouse studies at 4 mg/kg for 8–12 weeks

Human safety data

—

None — no clinical trials

Theoretical fibrillation risk

—

Induces amyloid-like fibrillation of Bax/BID. Long-term sequelae unknown.

Injection site reaction

—

Not reported in animal studies (IP route)

Reproductive safety

—

Protective in POI model (cyclophosphamide-induced), no adverse effects on fertility notedHuang 2025

Absolute Contraindications

5-Amino-1MQ

·Pregnancy / breastfeeding
·Active malignancy

Humanin

·Unknown — no human data

Relative Contraindications

5-Amino-1MQ

·Methylation-sensitive conditions (MTHFR mutation)
·Concurrent niacin / NAD+ precursor supplementation (theoretical interference)

Humanin

·Active malignancy (theoretical risk of anti-apoptotic effect on tumour cells)

05Administration Protocol

Parameter

5-Amino-1MQ

Humanin

1. Form

Oral capsule. No injection.

Intraperitoneal (IP) in animal models. Subcutaneous route untested. No human protocols exist.

2. Administration

Take with water, fasted preferred.

Synthetic peptide reconstituted in sterile saline or PBS. No commercial formulation available.

3. Timing

Morning fasted.

Daily administration in animal studies. Optimal timing not characterized.

4. Storage

Room temp ≤25 °C, dry place.

Lyophilised powder: -20 °C. Reconstituted: 4 °C, use within 7 days. Avoid freeze-thaw cycles.

5. Caveat

Monitor B-vitamin status with chronic use.

No FDA approval, no IND, no clinical trials. Experimental research tool only.

06Stack Synergy

5-Amino-1MQ

— no documented stacks

Humanin

+ MOTS-c

Multi-pathway

View MOTS-c →

Both are mitochondrial-derived peptides. MOTS-c enhances metabolic efficiency and insulin sensitivity via AMPK activation, while humanin prevents mitochondrial apoptosis. Combined, they address mitochondrial function (MOTS-c) and survival signaling (humanin), supporting cellular resilience under metabolic and oxidative stress.

Humanin: 4 mg/kg IP · daily (animal model)
MOTS-c: 5 mg/kg IP · daily (animal model)
Frequency: Once daily
Primary benefit: Mitochondrial health, metabolic efficiency, anti-apoptotic signaling