Side-by-side · Research reference

5-Amino-1MQvsTB-500

Side-by-side comparison across mechanism, dosage, evidence, side effects, administration, and stack synergies. Citations on every claim where available.

AAnimal-StrongDraft8/38 cited

BPhase 2Reviewed8/46 cited

5-Amino-1MQ

NNMT inhibitor · Methylation / SAM modulation

100–200 mgDaily dose (oral)Neelakantan 2018

AnimalEvidence levelNeelakantan 2018

HoursHalf-life (est)

Oral · Once daily fasted

TB-500

Thymosin β4 fragment · Healing

2 mgPer doseGoldstein 2012

Phase 2Evidence levelGoldstein 2012

~2 hrHalf-life

SQ or IM · Multiple sites · 2–3×/week

01Mechanism of Action

Parameter

5-Amino-1MQ

TB-500

Primary target

Nicotinamide N-methyltransferase (NNMT)Neelakantan 2018

G-actin (sequestering) + cell-surface integrinsGoldstein 2012

Pathway

NNMT inhibition → preserved cellular SAM + NAD⁺ → restored methylation balance + ↑ thermogenic gene expressionNeelakantan 2018

Actin remodelling → cell migration; integrin-linked signaling → angiogenesis; anti-inflammatory cytokine modulationGoldstein 2012 Malinda 1999

Downstream effect

Reversal of HFD-induced obesity in murine models; improved metabolic profileNeelakantan 2018

Accelerated wound healing, endothelial migration, hair follicle regeneration, cardiac repair (preclinical)Goldstein 2012

Feedback intact?

—

Endogenous protein at baseline; supplementation amplifies

Origin

Selective small-molecule inhibitor designed in academic medicinal chemistry programsNeelakantan 2018

17-AA active fragment of endogenous 43-AA thymosin β4 (TMSB4X gene)Goldstein 2012

Antibody development

—

02Dosage Protocols

Parameter

5-Amino-1MQ

TB-500

Standard dose

100–200 mg / day oralNeelakantan 2018

Anecdotal community range; murine doses scaled.

2 mg per injectionGoldstein 2012

Anecdotal community range; clinical Phase 2 trials used 70–840 mcg/kg IV.

Frequency

Once daily, fasted

2× per week (loading); then 1× per week (maintenance)

Lower / starter dose

50 mg / day

1 mg per injection

Evidence basis

Animal-strong; no human RCT dataNeelakantan 2018

Animal-strong + Phase 2 dermal/ocular trialsGoldstein 2012

Duration

8–12 weeks per cycle

4–8 weeks loading; longer maintenance for chronic injury

Form

Oral capsule

—

Timing

Morning fasted preferred

Evening or pre-rest preferred (anecdotal)

Half-life

Hours (estimated; no human PK published)

~2 hours (estimated; tissue uptake longer)

Reconstitution

—

Bacteriostatic water, 1–2 mL per 5 mg vial

04Side Effects & Safety

Parameter

5-Amino-1MQ

TB-500

GI symptoms

Mild nausea (anecdotal)

Rare nausea (anecdotal)

Methylation disruption

Theoretical risk if NNMT is over-inhibited (B vitamin metabolism)

—

Long-term safety

Unknown — no human trials

Unknown beyond Phase 2

Cancer risk

Unclear — NNMT also studied in oncology contexts

Theoretical via angiogenesis pathway

Pregnancy / OB

Avoid

Drug interactions

Theoretical with niacin / B-vitamin supplements

—

Injection site reaction

—

Mild erythema, transient pain

Lethargy / fatigue

—

Reported anecdotally during loading phase

Antibody formation

—

No data (no long-term human trials)

Absolute Contraindications

5-Amino-1MQ

·Pregnancy / breastfeeding
·Active malignancy

TB-500

·Active malignancy (theoretical angiogenesis concern)
·Pregnancy / breastfeeding

Relative Contraindications

5-Amino-1MQ

·Methylation-sensitive conditions (MTHFR mutation)
·Concurrent niacin / NAD+ precursor supplementation (theoretical interference)

TB-500

·Cancer history
·Concurrent VEGF inhibitor therapy

05Administration Protocol

Parameter

5-Amino-1MQ

TB-500

1. Form

Oral capsule. No injection.

Add 1–2 mL bacteriostatic water to 5 mg vial → 2.5–5 mg/mL. Roll gently.

2. Administration

Take with water, fasted preferred.

SQ near injury site (preferred), or systemic SQ (abdomen). Rotate sites.

3. Timing

Morning fasted.

Evening or pre-sleep is most common anecdotal timing.

4. Storage

Room temp ≤25 °C, dry place.

Lyophilised: room temp, light-protected. Reconstituted: refrigerate, ≤30 days.

5. Caveat

Monitor B-vitamin status with chronic use.

27–31G, 4–8 mm insulin syringe.

06Stack Synergy

5-Amino-1MQ

— no documented stacks

TB-500

+ BPC-157

Strong

View BPC-157 →

TB-500 and BPC-157 cover complementary halves of tissue repair: BPC-157 upregulates VEGFR2-driven angiogenesis and fibroblast outgrowth; TB-500 sequesters G-actin to enable endothelial / epithelial migration. The anecdotal canonical "healing stack" — pairs especially well for tendon and ligament injuries.

TB-500: 2 mg SQ · 2× per week
BPC-157: 250–500 mcg SQ · daily
Primary benefit: Combined angiogenesis + cell migration for tendon/ligament/muscle repair