Skip to content
Specimen Atlas of Research Peptides81 plates · MIT
← CataloguePlate IV of 81
IVPlate IVReviewed 2026-04-27

Adipotide

Pro-apoptotic Vascular-Targeting Peptide

also known as CKGGRAKDC-GG-D(KLAKLAK)2, Prohibitin-targeted peptide

Chimeric pro-apoptotic peptide targeting prohibitin-1 (PHB1) on adipose-tissue vasculature endothelium. Composed of a CKGGRAKDC homing domain coupled to a D(KLAKLAK)₂ mitochondrial-disrupting sequence. Induces selective apoptosis of adipose blood vessels, triggering adipocyte involution and weight loss in obese rhesus monkeys and rodent models. No human trials initiated.

§ I

At a glance

Status
Preclinical
Target
PHB1
Mechanism
Apoptosis
Route

IV · Systemic · Preclinical Protocols Only

§ II

Mechanism

Edit ↗

Primary target — Prohibitin-1 (PHB1) on adipose vasculature endothelium [hossen-2013].

Pathway — CKGGRAKDC domain binds PHB1 → Peptide internalisation → D(KLAKLAK)₂ mitochondrial membrane disruption.

Downstream effect — Endothelial apoptosis → Adipose vascular collapse → Adipocyte involution → Weight loss.

Origin — Synthetic bioconjugate: PHB1-targeting homing peptide + pro-apoptotic KLA sequence.

Feedback intact — N/A — Direct apoptotic mechanism, non-hormonal.

§ III

Dosage

Protocols described in the cited literature; not medical advice.

Edit ↗
ParameterValue
Animal dose (mouse)Low dose (not specified in abstract) [hossen-2013]Systemic injection in diet-induced obesity (DIO) models. [hossen-2013]
RouteIntravenous (systemic injection)
FrequencyNot specified in available data
Evidence basisPreclinical animal models only
Human dataNone — no clinical trials reported
§ III · b

Reconstitution

A pure mass-to-volume utility. Enter what you have in the vial; the atlas computes the volume per dose. No prescription information.

Inputs
mg
mL
mcg
The calculator does pure mass-to-volume math. It does not recommend a dose. Refer to Adipotide's cited literature for protocol specifics.
Volumetric outputFig. C — reconstitution math
Volume per dose
0.100mL
10.0 units on a U-100 insulin syringe
Concentration
2500
mcg per mL
Doses per vial
20
at this dose
§ IV

Evidence

Edit ↗
Strength
65/100
animal strong

Diet-induced obesity mouse models, rhesus monkey preclinical studies

OutcomeFinding
Primary fat targetWhite adipose tissue (all depots)
MechanismVascular apoptosis → adipose blood supply collapse → adipocyte death [hossen-2013]
Body weight reductionSignificant reduction in DIO mice [hossen-2013]Absolute values not provided in abstract.
Leptin levelsSignificant decreaseParallel to adipose mass reduction.
Effect on adipocytesAntiobesity effect on dysfunctional adipose cells (adipocytes + macrophages) [hossen-2013]
Ectopic fatReduction in ectopic fat deposition [hossen-2013]Marker of dysfunctional adipose tissue / metabolic syndrome.
Species testedObese rhesus monkeys, DIO mice
Human translationUnknown — no clinical trials
§ V

Adverse events

Severities follow the FDA / CTCAE convention.

Edit ↗
Safety profilesevere
Unknown — preclinical data only
Vascular selectivitymoderate
Targets adipose vasculature; off-target vascular effects unknown
Apoptotic mechanism risksevere
Pro-apoptotic payload may affect unintended tissues if selectivity incomplete
Kidney / liver toxicitymoderate
Not reported in available data
Immunogenicitymoderate
Not assessed in available data
Absolute contraindications
  • Human use — not approved, no clinical safety data
Relative contraindications
  • Any condition requiring intact adipose-tissue vascularisation
§ VI

Administration

Edit ↗
  1. 01
    Route

    Intravenous injection (systemic) in preclinical models. No human protocols exist.

  2. 02
    Formulation

    Bioconjugate peptide. May also be encapsulated in nanoparticles (prohibitin-targeted nanoparticle formulation, KLA-PTNP, showed superior efficacy vs. free bioconjugate in mice). [hossen-2013]

  3. 03
    Preclinical dosing

    Low-dose systemic injection (exact dosing not specified in available abstract). Frequency and duration not detailed. [hossen-2013]

  4. 04
    Storage

    Not specified — likely requires peptide-grade lyophilised storage and reconstitution.

Appendix

Sources

31%

of 49 rendered claims carry a resolvable citation.

  1. [hossen-2013]
    Hossen 2013A comparative study between nanoparticle-targeted therapeutics and bioconjugates as obesity medication.
    journal, 2013
Plate composed 2026-04-27 · maturity human-reviewed · schema v1 · Contributors: peptidesdb-core · 34 fields uncited — open contributions